name the pupillary constrictor muscles

ciliary and sphincter pupillae muscles

• Explain the differences between the two-neurone pathways of the autonomic (visceral) sympathetic and parasympathetic efferent systems

Parasympathetic ganglion are located near to organs

this makes the presynaptic fibres very long

and the postsynaptic fibres very short

• Describe the connections and functions of the four parasympathetic ganglia: ciliary, pterygopalatine (hay fever), submandibular and otic

Superior cervical ganglion = C1-4