the layers of the general GI tract organisation from the lumen then outwards = epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosa, submucosa, submucosal plexus, circular muscle, myenteric plexus, longitudinal muscle, and serosa
the GI tract can be innervated fully by the Enteric nervous system it requires no input from other extrinsic nervous systems (eg parasympathetic and sympathetic)
although input from these nervous systems will allow for modifications such as the sympathetic system will cause narrowing of GI blood vessels to allow it to be redirected elsewhere in the body and the parasympathetic system will oppose this.
the two main plexuses of the enteric nervous system include
Myenteric plexus and Submucosal plexus
Myenteric plexus (more superficial)
lies between circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers and innervates both muscle layers
it is mainly used for motor control of the GI tract.
it is a mostly linear chain of interconnecting neurones extending the entire length of the GI tract the 4 main effects when stimulated include