• Explain how confidence intervals can be used to inform clinical decision making

confidence intervals are made up of an unknown population but they are what would be expected if the experiment was done 100 times again the mean would be expected to be within the confidence interval, with the mean of the experiment within the middle

if the confidence interval is narrow it suggests that it is a reliable and accurate result as results do not stray far from the mean that was determined

if the cinfidence interval is wide it suggests that it is potentially less reliable as there is a wider range of values so for example if nyou had a mean of 2% inc for T cells in an experiment but the confidence interval went out to -5 and +5 you. might wonder if your results are true as some actually are negative in a reasonably large range

basically CIs allow clinicians or scientists to interpret the reliability of the data.

• Interpret common presentations of error bars

statistically significant = outwith the range of overlap

• Explain how the effectiveness of medical interventions are measured

by results, reliability

• Calcuate Number Needed to treat (NNT)

NNT = how many people you must treat in order to really treat one

so we can deduce that 70-20 of the people given the analgesic tablet were cured of pain by the drug which is = to 50 and so is = to 50% of people who were gien the analgesic tablet were cured and so the NNT is = 2